America’s Women 1760-1790-Bibliography
Volume One:
Subject Chapters
Eric g. grundset
with Briana L. Diaz and Hollis L. gentry
for the
National Society Daughters
of the American Revolution,
Washington, D. C
| IntrocCuctwn | xvU |
| JAcBnowCedgments | xix |
| Tart I: QeneraCStudies | 1 |
| Cfiapter One: yvomen ancC QirCs during tfie TievoCutionary Era (generaCCy) | 3 |
| CBapter Two: yVomen‘s “BiograjDhy (generaCCy) | 51 |
Collected Biography, 53-93
Wives of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, 93 Mothers of Presidents, 93-94
First Ladies/Wives of the Early Presidents of the United States, 94-96 Autobiography, 96
Chajiter Ihree: JAmertcan (gir(s (generaCCy) 99
General Studies, 101-106 African American Girls, 106 Arts and Crafts, 106
Biographies of Girls of the Revolutionary Era, 106-107
Children’s Books, Magazines, and Literature, 107-108
Abuse and Neglect of Girls, 108-109
Childhood Toys, Dolls, Games, and Diversions, 109
American Girls in Paintings of the Revolutionary Era, 109-110
Child Custody, 110
Childhood Diseases, 110
Clothing and Costume of Girls, 111
Death of Children, 111
Education of Girls, 111-114
Girls with the Military Forces, 114
Labor and Apprenticeships, 114-115
The Law and American Girls, 115
Loyalist Girls (See the chapter on Loyalists.), 115
Native American Girls, 116
Orphaned
and Poor Girls, 116
u
Girls and Their Pets, 117
The “Republican Girl”, 117
Religion and Girls, 117
Schoolgirl Art (See the chapter on AH), 118
Teenage Girls, 118
Cfiaj)ter four: JAfrican JAmerican IVomen 2j
General Studies, 122-130
Abolition and Resistance, 130-134
Agriculture and African American Women, 134
African American Women and Native American Women, 134
African American Women and Euro-American Women, 134-135
Archaeological Studies and African American Women, 135
Art and African American Women, 135
Clothing and Costume; Appearance, 136
Creole Women, 136-137
Crime and African American Women, 137
Culture and Customs, 137
Death and Dying, 137-138
Demographic Studies 138-139
Domestic Life of African American Women, 139
African American Women and the Economy, 139-140
Education and African American Women and Girls, 140
Emancipation and Literacy during the Revolutionary Era, 141-142
African American Women, the Family, and Genealogy, 143-146
Historical Fiction, 146
Folklore, 146
Foodways, 146
Free African Americans during the Revolutionary Era, 147-148 Heroism during the American Revolution, 148-149 Images of Black Women from the Revolutionary Era, 149 Labor and African American Women, 149-151 The Law and the Legal Status of African American Women, 151-153 African American Women and Literature of the Revolutionary Era, 154-155 Loyalist African American Women, 155 Marriage, Intermarriage, etc., I55-I57 Music and African American Women, 157-158 Names and Naming Customs, 158 Contemporary Observations of African American Women during the Revolutionary Era, 158-159 Religion and African American Women, 159-161
Studies of Sexual Topics on African American Women during the Revolutionary Era 161-162 Slavery, 162-171
Individual Women:
Alice of Dunk’s Ferry
(c.1686-1802) Pennsylvania, 172 Flora Allen (? -1801) Pennsylvania, 172-173
Sarah Allen (17647-1849) Pennsylvania, 172-173 Lucy Arbuckle (fl.. 1791)
Virginia, 173
Belinda (c. 1713-?) Massachusetts, 173-174
Betsy a servant (c. 1754-1808) Virginia, 174
Esther Glamorgan (1753 -1833) Missouri Frontier, 174
Catherine Cleveland (1754 -1859), 174-175
Marie Therese Coin Coin (August 24,1742-1816) Louisiana, 175
Maria Bernard Convent (1757-1837) Louisiana, 175
Elizabeth/Zabetta Dacherut (fl. 1798) Missouri Frontier, 175
Francoise Devolsey (fl. 1795) Missouri Frontier, 175
Dinah ( ) Ohio, 176
Elleanor Eldridge (1784-1865?) Rhode Island, 176
Elizabeth/Old Elizabeth (1766-p. 1863) Maryland, 176
Rachel Findley (fl. 1780) Virginia,! 76
Flore (? -1805) Missouri Frontier,! 76-77
Jeannette/Juanita Forchet (? -1803) Missouri Frontier, 177
Violet Fortune (ca. 1729-1802) New Hampshire, 177
Elizabeth Mum Bett Freeman (c. 1744-1829) Massachusetts, 177-179
Fenda Brister Freeman (1760 – February 28,1811) Massachusetts, 179
Sarah Greene (fl. 1784) Virginia, 180
Elizabeth Clevland Hardcastle (1741-1808) South Carolina, 180
Sally Hemings (1773-1835) Virginia, 180-184
Eufrosina Hinard (1777-1866?) Louisiana, 184
Jane Darby Hull (fl. 1790) Massachusetts, 185
Dinnah Jackson (c.1740-1818) (New York), 185
Judith, slave of William Prentis (?-December 16,1775) Virginia, 185
Marie LaBastille (? -1825) Missouri Frontier, 185
Morier (fl. 1780s) Rhode Island, 185
Dinah Nevil (fl. 1773) Pennsylvania, 186
Sarah (fl. 1775) Virginia, 186
Jenny Slew (b. 1719?) Massachusetts, 186
Chloe Spear (c. 1750-1815) Massachusetts, 186-187
Ona Maria Judge Staines (177?-1848) Virginia, 187
Surry (Massachusetts), 187
Anne Sweitzer, Aunt Annie (fl. 1768) Maryland, 187 Dinah Whipple (c. 1760-1846) Massachusetts, 188
Cfuyjter J^tve: (Native J7\mertcan ‘Miomen
General Studies, 193-195
Native American Women and Agriculture, 195-196
Native American Women and Art, 196
Native American Women and African Americans, 196-197
Captivity and Slavery Studies, 197-198
Stereotyping of Native American Women, 198
Clothing of Native American Women, 198
Native American Women and Needlework, Embroidery, and Other Skilled Work, 199
Crimes Against Native American Women, 199
Cultural Life of Native American Women, 200-202
Economic Status of Native American Women, 202-204
Native American Women and Euro-American Education, 204-205
Native American Women’s Encounters with Euro-Americans,
205-206
Native American Women and Attempts to Erase the Memory of Their Roles, 206-207 Native American Women and Their Families, 207
Gender Roles and the Changing Status of Native American Women during the Revolutionary Era, 207-212 Native American Women and Their Intermarriage with Men of Other Heritage, 212-213 The Laws of Land, Marriage, and Legal Status of Native American Women, 213 Letters Written by or Concerned with Native American Women, 214 Native American Women’s Health and Medicine during the Revolutionary Era, 214-215 Native American Women’s Role as a Mother and Clan Mother, 215
Observations and Opinions on Native American Women during the Revolutionary Era, 215- 216
Native American Women’s Role in Political Economies and Diplomatic Negotiations, 217 Native American Women Converting to Christianity, 217-218
Native American Women’s Role in Supplying the Military during the Revolutionary War, 218- 219
Native American Tribes, Villages, and Linguistic Families, 219-235 Algonquian (Algonkian) (generally), 219 Brothertown, 220 Cherokee, 220-222 Chickasaw, 222-223 Chipewyan, 223 Choctaw, 223-224 Creek, 224-226
Delaware (also known as Lenape or Leni Lenape), 226-227 Huron (also known as Wyandot), 227 Iroquois, 228-230 Mashpee, 230
Metis (indigenous people descended from both Native American, African, and European ancestors), 230 Mohawk, 230
Moravian Indians (Moravian Missions), 230-231 Narragansett, 231 Natick, 231
Ojibwa (also known as Chippewa), 232 Omaha, 232 Oneida, 232 Osage, 232 Ponkapoag, 233 Potawatomi, 233 Powhatan, 233 Quapaw, 233 Ramapos, 233 Scatticook, 233-234 Seneca, 234-235 Stockbridge, 235 Individual Women:
Ahweyneyonh (ca. 1733-before 1830) New York, 235 Aracoma (d. 1780) Western Virginia, 235
Mary/Molly Brant/Konwatsi’tsiaienni (1736-1796) New York, 235-239
Jane Carr (fl. 1766) Pennsylvania, 239
Coocoochee (1740s-after 1800) Old Northwest/Ohio, 239 Polly Cooper (fl. 1777-8) New York, 239-240 Hannah Freeman (1731-1802) Pennsylvania, 240 Ho-po-ko-e-kaw-wi (fl. 1766) Old Northwest/Wisconsin, 240 Jacataqua (fl. 1775) Maine, 241
Mary Jemison (Deh-he-wd-mis) (1743—1833) Pennsylvania/New York, 241 Eunice Mahwee (ca. 1756-1859) Connecticut, 242 Elizabeth Morey Bustill (1746-1827) Pennsylvania, 242 Ruth Moses (d. 1787) Massachusetts, 242
Mary Musgrove Matthews Bosomworth/Coosaponakeesa (ca. 1700-1767) Georgia, 243-244
Nonhelema (ca. 1720-1786) Old Northwest/Ohio, 244 Molly Ockett (ca. 1744-1816) Maine, 244-245 Queen Coitcheleh (fl. 1776) Old Northwest/Ohio, 245
Catherine Montour and Esther Montour/Queen Esther (fl. 1779) Pennsylvania, 246
Lucy Tauder/Tatter/Todder (fl. 1777) New York, 246
Tacumwah (ca. 1720-ca. 1790) Old Northwest/Ohio, 246
Tyonajanegen/Two Kettles Together (fl. 1777) New York, 246-247
Martha Uncas (1761-1859) Connecticut, 247
Nancy Ward/Nanye-hi (ca. 1738-1822/4?) North Carolina, 247-250
Cfiflpter Six: IVomen ancCQirCs in tfie ‘RevoCuticmary Xra:
Archaeology and the History of Women during the Revolutionary Era, 253-254 Demographic Studies Relating to Women during the Revolutionary Era, 254-257 Lafayette and Women, 257
Photography and Images of Women of the Revolutionary Era, 257-258 Urban Women, 258 Women as Refugees, 258
Women of the Revolutionary Era on Postage Stamps, 258-259
Part II: IVomen in tfie family ancCin Society
Cfxapter Seven: IVomen, tfie famiCy, ancCQeneaCogy
The Family in General, 265-273
Household Government, 273-274
Genealogical Research and Heraldry in General, 274
Cfiapter Xigfit: IVomen as Motflers ancCTfieir CfiiCiIren
General
Studies, 278-280 Mothers and Their Children in Art, 280 Breastfeeding, 280-281
The Moral Mother, 281 Childrearing, 281-283
General Studies, 287-290
Medical Manuals, Literature, and Guides, 290-291 Hospitals, 291
Female Doctors, Healers, and Herbalists, 292-293
Nurses and Nursing, 293-297
Studies on Fertility and Infertility, 297-298
Pregnancy, Obstetrics, and Childbirth – Generally, 298-300
Pregnancy, Obstetrics, and Childbirth – Midwives – Generally, 300-302
Pregnancy, Obstetrics, and Childbirth – Midwives: Martha Ballard of Maine, 302-303
Illegitimacy, 304
Infant Mortality, 304
Sexual Relationships in General, 304-307
Sexual Health Issues Including Abortion, Birth Control, Menstruation, and Menopause, 308-309 Abortion, 308 Birth Control, 308-309 Menstruation, 309 Menopause, 309 Cleanliness, 309
Diseases and Epidemics, 309-310 Pain Management, 310 Mental Health, 310-311 Substance Abuse, 311 Aging, 311-312
Death and Mourning (generally), 312-314 Death and Mourning – Funeral Sermons, 314-319
Cfiaf)ter ‘Ten: ‘Women Working in tfie (Home ancCXfseyvfiere
General Studies, 323-330 Women in Agriculture, 331-334 Women Attorneys, 334 Businesswomen and Merchants, 335-341 Women Working in the Home, 342-362 General Studies, 342-346 Beverages and Drinks, 346-347 Cleanliness, 347 Dairies and Dairy Maids, 347 Food, Kitchens, Cooking, and Cookbooks, 348-355 Gardening, Kitchen Gardens, Horticulture and Women during the Revolutionary Era, 355-356 The Home Front during the American Revolution, 356-358 Housekeeping, Housewifery, etc., 358-360 Housewares, Household Furnishings, Furniture, etc., 360-362 Laundry and Laundries, 362 Female Inventors, 362 Female Lighthouse Keepers, 362
Women Creating Organizations, Charities, etc., and as Volunteers, 363-364 Women Making Scientific Discoveries, 364-370 General Studies, 364-365 Jane Colden Farquhar (1724-1766), 365-367 Women Servants and Servitude, 367-370 Women Tavernkeepers and Coffeehouse Keepers, 370-371
Cfiaj)ter ‘EC^yen: lYcmiens ‘Roks in Society ancC
Interactions witfi Otfiers 373
General Studies, 376-380
Women’s “Spheres” Examined: Gender Roles of Women during the Revolutionary Era, 380-386
Women’s Personal and Emotional Relationships with Others, 386-395
Advice to Women on Courtship, Love, and Marriage; Conduct and Etiquette, 386-392
Women and Emotion, 392-393
Friendships between Women, 393
Philanthropic and Charitable Work by Women, 393-395
Relationships with Siblings, 395
Gentility, 395
Gossip, 395
Marriage and Related Subjects, 396-410 General Studies, 396 Love and Romance, 396-398 Bundling, 398-399 Celibacy, 399 Courtship, 399-400 Dowries, 400 Elopement, 400 Prenuptial Agreements, 400 Weddings, 401
Marriage, Intermarriage, Common Law Marriage, etc., 401-409 Dower, 409
Women as Wives, 409-410 Desertion and Abandonment, 410-411 Divorce, 411-413 Widows, 413-418
Women Observed by Men, 419 Humor, 419
Satire, Caricatures, Humor, etc., 419-420
Male Observers Write and Comment on American Women, 420-426 Dr. Benjamin Rush and Women, 426
Cfiajiter TweCve: IVomen’s Rig fits ancCLegaC Status 427
Women’s Rights, 429-444
Women’s Suffrage during the Revolutionary Era, 444-445 The Law and the Legal Status of Women, 445-453
Single Women and Their Legal Status; Feme Covert, 453-454
Cfiaj)ter I’fiirteen: IVomen, ToCitics, an(£TuBCic Life
Politics and Public Life, 457-462
Propaganda and Women during the Revolutionary Era, 462-463 “The Republican Court”, 463-464 I Women as Public Speakers during the Revolutionary Era, 464-466
Cfuyyter fourteen: TlBe ‘ReCigixms “Experiences of Jimerican
‘Women during tfie HevolMtionary Era 467
General Studies, 469-475
The Revolution’s Impact on Women’s Religious Life, 476 African American Women’s Religious Experiences, 476-477 Anabaptist Women, 477 I Anglican/Episcopalian Women, 477-478
[ Baptist Women, 478-479
Catholic Women, 480 « Congregational Women, 481-482
! Danker Women, 482
- American Jewish women during the Revolutionary Era, 482-486
- Lutheran Women, 486
> Mennonite Women, 486
i ^ ‘
American Methodist Women (including Barbara Heck), 487-490
- Moravian Women, 490-492
, Native American Women’s Religious Experiences, 493
Presbyterian Women, 493 Society of Friends/Quaker Women, 493-504
j Women of the Reformed Churches, 504
- Ann Lee (1736-1784) and American Shaker Women, 505-509
t Personal Religious Experiences and Spirituality of Individual Women:
Susanna Anthony (1726-1791), 510 I Hannah Arnett (1729-1823), 510
i Sarah Prince Gill (1728-1771), 511
j Hannah Heaton (1721-1793), 511
Sarah Osborn (1756-1854), 511-512 I Martha Laurens Ramsay (1759-1811), 513
- Jemima Wilkinson (1752-1819), 513-516
’ Lucy Wright (1760-1821), 516
Cfiapter fifteen: ‘Women ancC tfie. ^American Economy 517
i General Studies, 519-524
; Poor Women and Poverty, 524-525
i Standards of Living, 525
I Women as Consumers, 526
Cfiapter Sixteen: ‘Women and Crime
General Studies, 529-530 Abduction, 530 Adultery, 530
Crimes against Women, 530-531
Sexual Assaults, 531-533
Wife Abuse and Domestic Violence, 534
Female Criminals and Crimes by Women, 534-537
Infanticide by Mothers and Child Murder, 537-538
Gossip as a Crime, 538
Illegitimacy as a Crime, 538
Women as Jailers, 538
Laws, 538
Immorality, Prostitution, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 539
Tart III: IVomen, CuCturey TcCiicatwny and Creative JArts
Cfiajyter Seventeen: ‘Womens CuCturaCLife and ^Activities
General Studies, 545
Music, Choirs, and Dancing, 545-551
Sports and Recreation, 551
Women on the Stage: Theater, Acting, and Drama, 551-557 Individual Women:
Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814) – See the chapter on Massachusetts.
Cdapter Tighteen: ‘Women, §ir(s, and ‘Education
General Studies, 561-568 Apprentice Education, 569 Education and Female Africans, 569 Books, Primers, and Education, 569-570 Curriculum, 570-575
Female Leaders in Education during the Revolutionary Era, 575-576 Handwriting, 576-577
Early Ideas on High Education for Women, 577-578 Literacy (See the chapter “Women Writing, Reading and Creating.”), 578 Mothers as Educators and “Republican Motherhood” – Pros and Cons, 578-581 Numeracy, 582
Educational Philanthropy by women, 582 Religious Education and Schools, 582-584
Bethlehem Female Seminary, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 584 Salem Female Academy, Salem, North Carolina, 584 Schools (generally), 584-588 Academies (generally), 588-589 Litchfield Female Academy, Litchfield, Connecticut, 589-590
Morris Academy, Morris Connecticut, 590
Young Ladies’ Academy – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 590 Balch School, Providence, Rhode Island, 590-591 Boarding Schools, 591-593 Dame Schools, 593 Indian Schools, 593-594 Teachers, 594-596
Men’s Thoughts and Theories on Female Education, 597-600
Cfiupter ^Nineteen: ‘Women, Writing, ‘Reading
Diaries and Journals, 606-609
Diaries and Journals: Individual Female Diarists, 609-626 Mary Gould Almy, 609 Katherine Greene Amory, 609 Susanna Anthony, 610 Abigail Bailey, 610 Martha Ballard, 610 Abigail Goodhue Bayley, 610 Ruth Bryant, 610 Esther Edwards Burr, 611 Hannah Callendar, 611 Cornelia Clinton, 611 Margaret Moncrieffe Coghlan, 611 Jemima Condict, 611 Mary Cooper, 611 Elizabeth Cranch, 612 Mary Dewees, 612 Rebecca Dickinson, 612 Elizabeth Drinker, 612-613 Dorothy Dudley (psei^d.), 613-614 Sarah Eve, 614 Keziah Coffin Fanning, 614 Sarah Logan Fisher, 614 Mary Fleet, 614 Abigail Foote, 614 Sarah Scofield Frost, 614 Elizabeth Fuller, 614 Grace Growden Galloway, 615 Anne MacVicar Grant, 615 Katherine Farnham Hay, 615-616 Hannah Heaton, 616 Frances Baylor Hill, 616 Holyoke Family Diaries, 616 Lucy Barnes Homer, 616 Anne MacMeans Jamison, 616 Sarah Jones, 616 Christian Leach/ech, 617 Susan Lear, 617
Anne Home Shippen Livingston, 617 Deborah Norris Logan, 617-618 Judith Macy, 618 Ann Maingault, 618 Elizabeth McKean, 618 Salome Meurer, 618 Milcah Martha Moore, 618 Margaret Morris, 618-619 Lucinda Lee Orr, 619 Sarah Osborn, 619-621 Anna Sophia Parkman, 621 Elizabeth Phelps, 621 Catherine Phillips, 621 Eliza Lucas Pinckney, 621 Lydia Minturn Post, 621-622 Prudence Punderson, 622 Martha Laurens Ramsay, 622 AnnaRawle, 622-623 Experience Wight Richardson, 623 Janet Schaw, 623 Mercy Seccombe, 623 Elizabeth House Trist, 623 Mary Palmer Tyler, 623 Ann Warder, 623 Elizabeth FooteWashington, 623 Sally Weeks, 624 Nancy White, 624 Ann Whittall, 624 Eliza Yonge Wilkinson, 624 Anna Green Winslow, 624-625 Sally Wister, 625 Letters and Letter Writing, 626-634
Women and the Contemporary Literature of the Revolutionary Era, 634-638
Self Identity Sensibility in Literature and Personal Awareness in Literature, 638-639
Sensibility in Literature, 639-640
Sentimentality in Literature, 640
Individual Women Writers:
Anne MacVicar Grant (1755-1838), 641-642 Sarah Ewing Hall (1761-1830), 642 Judith Sargent Murray (1751-1820), 642 Catherine Sedgwick (1789-1867), 642 Studies on Early American Fiction of the Revolutionary Era (generally), 642-649 Seduction Novels, 650 Women Writing Fiction: Individual Women Writers, 650 Hannah Mather Crocker (1752-1829), 650-651 Hannah Webster Foster (1758-1840), 651-653 Susanna Rowson (1762-1824), 653-657 Tabitha Tenney (1762-1837), 657 Sally Sayward Barrell Wood (1759-1855), 657 Women Poets and Poetry about Women during the Revolutionary Era, 658 Poetry (generally), 658-660
XU
Individual Women Poets:
Ann Eliza Bleecker (1752-1783), 660-662
Margaretta Van Wyck Bleecker (1771-1801), 662
Ruth Bryant (1760-1783), 662
Jane Dunlap (fl. 1777), 662
Jenny Fenno (1765?-after 1803), 662
Elizabeth Graeme Ferguson (1737-1801), 663
Isabella Graham (1742-1814), 663
Hannah Grifjits (1727-1817), 663
Milcah Martha Moore (1740-1829), 663-664
Sarah Wentworth Apthorp Morton (1759-1846), 664
Judith Sargent Murray (1751-1820), 665
Grace Seixas Nathan (1752-1796), 665
Sarah Haggar Wheaton Osborn (1714-1796), 665
Sarah Porter (2-1831), 665
Lucy Terry Prince (1730-1812), 665-669
Anna Young Smith (1756-1780), 669
Annis Boudinot Stockton (1736-1801), 669
Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814) – See the chapter on Massachusetts.
Phillis Wheatley (ca. 1754-1784), 670-697 Anna Young Smith (1756-1780), 698 Anna Steele (1717-1778?), 698 Sarah (Sally) Wister (1761-1804), 698 Susanna Wright (1697-1784), 698 Women and Reading, Literacy, etc. during the Period of the American Revolution, 699-704 Women’s Literacy, 699 -701 Women as Readers, 701-704 Women and Reading Materials, 704
American Magazines and Their Depiction of Women during the Revolutionary Period, 704-706
Literary Salons, 707 Female Literary Critics, 707
Female Printers during the Revolutionary Era, 707-709 General Studies, 707-709 Individual Female Printers:
Margaret Bache (1770-1836), 710 Eliza Colles (1776-1799), 710 Margaret Green Draper (1727-1807), 710 Ann Smith Franklin (ca. 1696-1763), 711 Sarah Updike Goddard (c. 1700-1770), 711 Mary Katherine Goddard (1738-1816), 712-713 Anne/Ana Catherine Hoof Green/Greene (c. 1720-1775), 713-714 Elizabeth Holt (1727-1788), 714 Clementina Rind (1740-1774), 714-715 Penelope Russell (fl. 1771), 715 Ann Timothy (c. 1727-1792), 715 Elizabeth Timothy (7-1757), 715-716 Hannah Bunce Watson (1729-1807), 716 Newspaper Coverage of American Women during the Revolutionary Era, 716-720 Female Historians of the American Revolution andfrom That Period: 721-727 Hannah Adams (1755-1831), 727-730
Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814) – See the chapter on Massachusetts.
Cfiajyter Twenty: ‘Women andtfie InfCuence ofCCassicaCThemes 731
General Studies, 733
Women Represented as Symbols, Allegories, Metaphors, Political Images, Satirical Subjects, etc. in Art and in Literature, 734-738
Chapter Twenty-One: ‘Women and the J^ofRCore
of the ‘Revolutionary Tra 739
Fortunetellers, 741
Ghost Stories Relating to Women, 741-742 Mystics, 743 Recluses, 743 Witchcraft, 743-744
Chapter Twenty-Two: ‘Women and (girds in TfistoricaC
fiction Set during the RevoCutionary “Era 745-762
Chapter Twenty-Three: ‘Women, Jl[rt, andJArtists
during the RevoCutionary Era 763
General, 765-766
Decorative Arts, 766-767
Folk Art, 768
Furniture, 768-769
Gravestone Art, 769
Native American Women and Art, 769
Mourning Art, 769-770
Painting, 770
Women and Pennsylvania Germans Art, 770
Portraiture, 771-779
Portrait Miniatures, 779-780
Prints, Registers, and Illustrated Documents, 780
School Girl Art, 781
Style, 781
Women Artists, 781-782
Patience Lovell Wright (1725-1786) and Rachel Lovell Wells (ca. 1725-ca. 1796), 782-785
Chapter Twenty-four: ‘Women and QirCs, TextiCes,
TfeedCeworh, and Similar Creative ^Activities 787
General Studies, 789-796 Bed Clothes and Coverings, 796-797 Crewelwork, 797 Dyes and Dyeing, 797
Embroidery, 798-799 Floor Coverings, 799 Knitting, 799
Spinning and Spinning Wheels, 800-805 Weaving, 805-806 Sewing, 806 Upholstery, 807
Needlework (generally), 807-810
Lace and Lace-making, 810
Samplers, 810-813
Schoolgirl Art, 813-814
Quilts and Quilting; Coverlets, 814-817
Cfiaj>ter Iwenty-J^tve: ‘Women’s andQtrCs’ CCotfimg
General Studies, 821-837 Jewelry, 837-838
Tart TV: ‘Women, QirCs, and tfie ‘War Tffort
during the ^American TevoCutixm 839
CfiajJter Twenty-Six: ‘Women in andwitfi tde MiCitary
General Studies, 843-847 , Camp Followers and Children and the “Women of the Army”, 847-850
: Camp Followers and “Women of the Army ” –
} Modern Reenactors and Interpreters, 850-851
Women of the British Army, 851-853 Women of the French Army, 853
Women of the German Allies of Great Britain (Hessians), 853-854 Women of the German Allies of Great Britain (Hessians): Friederika Charlotte Luise Von Massow, Baroness Von Riedesel (1746-1808), 854-856 Individual American Women:
Collected Biographies, 856-857
Ann/Nancy Bailey of Massachusetts (1742-1825), 857
Elizabeth Canning of New York (fUl 776), 858
Margaret Cochran Corbin, aka “Captain Molly” of Pennsylvania and New Jersey (1751-1800), 858-861 Deborah Sampson Gannett of Massachusetts, Alias Robert Shurtliff (1760-1827), 861-869
• Abigail Dolbeare Hinman of Connecticut (1743-1816), 869-870
Anna Maria Lane of Virginia (7-1810), 870 Peggy Liley of Maine (fL 1776), 870
Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley of Pennsylvania, aka “Molly Pitcher” (1754-1832), S70-878 Other “Molly Pitchers”, 878
| Elizabeth Poole of New Jersey (fl. 1778), 878 Amy Baylis/Bayles Potts of New Jersey (fl 1776), 878 Barbara Susong of Pennsylvania (fl 1777-8), 878 Pensions for Female Soldiers of the American Revolution, 878 |
| Cfiay>ter ‘Iwenty-Seven: ‘Women Wfio Supj>CUd Quns, Qunjxrwder, arid Materials to tfie MiCttary |
| 879 |
| General Studies, 881-882 Women Who Made or Supplied Arms and Gunpowder for American Troops, 883-884 |
| Cfiajrter Twenty-^igfit: Women in Crowds, Mo6s, “Protests, Demonstrations, “Boycotts, etc. Boycotts, 887 Celebrations and Parades, 887 Women in Crowds and Mobs, 888 Women in Riots, 888 Women, Tea, Tea Drinking, and Tea Protests, 888-892 |
| 885 |
| Cfiapter “Twenty-Mine: Women as Sjfies, Messengers, Warners, etc. |
| 893 |
| Messengers and Women Who Warned Others, 895 Margaret Catherine “Kate Moore Barry” of South Carolina (1752-1823), 895 Deborah Champion of Connecticut (1753-1845, 895), 895-896 Betsy Dowdy of North Carolina (fl 1776), 896 Emily Geiger of South Carolina (ca. 1762-?), 896 Elizabeth Hampton Harrison of South Carolina, 896 Sybil Ludington of New York (1761-1839), 89^-900 Lydia Mulliken and Mary Hartwell of Massachusetts (fl. 1775), 900 Spies and Espionage, 900-902 Martha Bell of North Carolina (1735-1820?), 903 Margaret Darby of New York, 903 Lydia Darragh of Pennsylvania (1728-1789), 903-904 Laodicea Langston (1765/6?-!837), 904 Watson Milliner of Pennsylvania (fl. 1775), 905 Old Mom Rinker of Pennsylvania, 905 Ann/Nancy Smith Strong of Long Island, New York (fl 1778), 905 |
| Cfiayiter Thirty: Women on the Move Migrating Women, 909 Transients, 909-910 Travellers, 910-912 Runaways, 913-914 |